Locking device



April 9, 1935. F. J. LzJowlcz LOCKING DEVICE 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Opt.21, 1931 April 9, 1935. F. J. LEJBOWICZ LOCKING DEVICE Filed Oct. 21,1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Al I A A ril 9, 1935. F. J. LEJBOWICZ LOCKINGDEVICE Filed Oct. 21, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 i then to permit PatentedApr. 9, 1935 I j ll iiimtge f-nooigl no DEVICE g Ferdinand Josef LjejboApplicationoctober 21,1931; Serial No; 570,2 l p nm fidolctobeizz,1930

The invention relatesto locking devices suhals cab-be locked'by meansare keyhailihg fadjiist other," .1 t A still further objeot-ofthe inyentonfis to'provide on the platesopposite gonejahdtheil driveis V forsupporting thefsaid distance pieces aiidfdou pied in pairs theapproached position ofthe plates for simultaneous displacement. I l vOther;inyehtivef-featul es of'the noilel adg stable locking devioe,partiofilaily; advantageous embodiments of'the plates the iiistanee'ofwhich Y can be varied; "of the j distance -piec es'{securing the lockingpositionofthesaid p1ates, of the qriVerSQQfthe ey"; etc., willbejobvious from: the drawings which; show the "inventiohdnfvarioiisembodiments. j f f f Figs} to, 18 ShOW an embodiment ofthe novel lockingdevice infwhioh'; the plates vaiiable in their distance from eachotherfare IQVOlllbl'," one of "the plates engaging with the bolt) In"the ng V- t V I; 1

Fig. l is a,*p1an"viewof thefr'ont wall'of the locking deviceasseen-from within! a V Fig. 2 isi'a longitudinal *sectionuoffthe:front1wall of the casing of the locking device ;-as. shown in Fig.1. q '5 Fig.3 ist a plan'view of'the plate which can bemoved; so asfltovaryiitsdistanoefrom a, seoand plate, viz. the plate thedrivers of whichare influenced by theb'its' of the key this iew'beirig taken as seenfrom behind; r Y Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the plat shown inFig.3. The figure also; shows the guide tubes bearing againstthe plate atits fifOIlt "f Fig; 5 is a front' i evationooi respondirigfto Figs. 3and 4; V

Fig. 6 is a side view of 'oneof the levers'suoh 'arepivotally'mounted onthe plate shown} in Fi .3. 1 *5 Fig. '7 is a rear View of the other" orstationary plate belonging tothe pairofplates. i M

1; a ilerticaljseotion oftthe plateshown in 10 isfia side'vie'w'bf oneof the flat springs 1 moiznted forf the' rear side "of l the plate shownFi'g'.-;1 1 'is a; plan view- 6f one'of the drivers'such as are mountedoil the-fiontside of-the plate shownin Figsfw to 9.

j i Fig. 512 a section taken 'throlighthe looking device whereincertainlq etails havebeen' oniitteol 12? fioi n Within' partly insection-" the plate ai' ra ged orifth' 'e side of the kjey holejandtheioo J in'gfco'vei ,of'the look easing having been p of themovable'plate of h nos; of tl'iefca'sing; the: boll; and 'thelai in byme ns of hiohjthelbolt isimoyed being shown l. s a ter V e P i fi 's fosom e theglockihg device I shown Fig; 19, show fromea other.

di tan l et lt e anemb i e q lth engaging with the bolt. v

p is a plan; Yiew of one of the drivers rnountedpn theplate shown inFig.3.

Fig; 261s a side" view of the driver shown in Fig. 271s arplan viewoftheflat spring hown in i 1 7 p V I f a" section taken through the driver It h e m- 7;, J 1 mai'n feature of the novellockinggiievioe ConsistsIinthe fact that two .plates 4 angi ZZ, "the (iistanoe apa gt of which,may be varied, wil1 leek the; bolt 25 or the rocking aim 23 or 43,which moves the said bolt respectively, when the said plates are/tin"their withdrawn position (Figs. l2

and. 20)--,;but wi 11 eleasethe bolt for movement when intheir-,position of approach (Fig, 21);.

Figf 9 isafront elevation of the plate" shown m are w m a. 1Q: eem d vie i w h theplat'e iS-se ured against rotation, the

grammatically the plates withdrawn Fist 21 a ana v ew Wiihii h?Pleksatmii? p r :Whidi In orderto obtain the necessary'withdrawnposition of the'two plates as well as their'oosition rocking armoperating the said bolt indirectlyby "stops 2 and 5,in the embodimentshown in Figs. 1 to 18 the stops 2 being arranged on the front wall ofthe lock casing I provided with the key hole and the stops on the plate4 whereas in the case of the embodiment shown in Figs. 19 to 23 thestops 2 are mounted on the special rocking- 1 arm 43 intended fordisplacing the bolt. 25. When" the bolt 25 is in its projected positionthe plates 4 and 22 are in their withdrawn position. The distance of thedisplaceable plate 4 from the looking casing I or from the rocking arm43 respec:'

tivelythen is such as will cause the stops 5 of theplate 4 to engage thestops f thejlock casing I or of the rocking arm 43 respectively (Fig.20) in a manner which, prevents to rotate the plate 4 in the directionnecessary for'the retraction of the bolt. When, however, in order tounlock the locking device the plate 4', by means of the authorized key,has been moved towards the plate 22, the stops 5 mounted on the plate 4will be lifted ofi the plane of the stops 2 (Fig. 21) so that Z thestops 2 and 5 may move past each'other and at the same time release thebolt, for displace ment. In order that the plates 4 and 22 are securedin the withdrawn position maintaining the boltz25 and the rocking arm 43respectively in V the locked position, the said plates'are provided withdistance pieces which are rendered inoperative only indefinite positionsproduced by. un-

looking with the aid of the authorized key-and so permit the movement ofthe bolt ,25 or of the rocking arm 43 respectively. In the twoembodiments shown the distance pieces comprise pins 32 provided onspecial drivers 26 mounted on the plate 22 which pins are renderedinoperative only in definite positions by penetrating into correspondingrecesses! provided in drivers Iimounted on the opposite plate 4. Thedrivers 6' and 26 which may be arranged in any suitable number on theplates 4and 22 respectively and are provided in pairs, compriserevoluble discs, as shown,

which in the approached position of the plate 4 are coupled together bypairs by means of the distance pieces 32 and recesses I engaging witheach. other. It is obvious that, the drivers may 1 have any'othersuitable shape.

7 When the plate 4 has been approached to the plate22, the drivers 25 ofplate 22 are moved exclusively by the corresponding drivers 5 of theplate" 4, but when the plate 4 has been moved back the said drivers 26are uncoupled and kept in their position which in the embodiments shownis effected by pins carried by the flat springs 28 which pinsyieldingly'extend through. corresponding holes of plate 22 into recessesof the drivers 6' a'ctingas notches (Fig. 8). In' order that in'theapproached position'of' the plates 4 and'22 the drivers 26bereleasedthe' flat springs 28 carrying the locking pins 30 are alsoprovided withother pins 20 adapted to extend through replate 22 thepressure of pins 44 on' plate 4, Fig.

19- exerted on springs 28 press said springs back and withdraw pins30from drivers 26.

provided. with corresponding holes I2.

The drivers 6 of the plate 4 are moved by operation of the authorizedkey and afterthe said key having been removed they alwaysare returnedinto their zero position under the action of the'springs 2|, unlike thedrivers carried by position rendering the distance pieces 32 inoperativesolely by the introduction of the authorized key which according to theinvention is provided with a plurality of bits singly adjustable. In thecase of the embodiments shown the key is provided with five bits toaccord with the number of pairs of drivers which bits consist of pins Mwith bent ends 4|. The. pins are placed in a shell 40 and separatelydisplaceable in longitudinal slots 40' by means of the bent ends 4I Theshell '40 is enclosed by anotheroutside shell 42 provided withlongitudinal slots 42 so that by the two shells being turned in relationto eachother the pins 4I may be clamped in any position de sired in thenotches of the slot 42'. It is obvious that the steps of the bits may beshaped, arranged V and adjusted in any other suitable manner and beprovided for in a larger or smaller number according to the numberdesired of difierent combinations.

, -According to the invention the opening intended for the introductionof the key consists in a bushing 3 in which are the ends of membersengaging with the drivers 6 of the plate.4- and "transmitting themovement of the various bits to the drivers 6.

For instance the said members may comprise flexible pressure pieces. Inthe case of the embodiments shown these transmit ting members are ballsIIJ housed in guide tubes 9. TheguidesS begin at an intermediary disc II 'I'hejends of the guide 'tubes bearing against'the plate 4 areprovided, with slots I5 with which engage according .to Fig, S thee'ndsof the levers I6 piv otally mounted on the 'fulcrum pins I I whichleversare coupled with the drivers bymeans of pins I9 mounted on thelatter, penetrating into a slot I8 of the levers l6 anddisplaceab'lewithin a curved slot 20 of thejplate 4. is

, According to Fig. i9'the ends of the guide tubes 9 are arranged aroundthe drivers 6 each of which.

is provided with a tongue 45 projecting into the corresponding guidetube 9 through a slot of the latter, thus forming a stop or abutment forthe balls in the guide tube for turning the driver.

When the key is intro ducedand the bits M of the .same enter theopenings 12 of the closing disc I I the drivers 6 are turned throughdifierent angles by. the movement of the i balls III in striking againstthe ends of the pivoted levers I B (Fig. 5) or against the abutments 45(Fig-19) carried by the drivers themselves, the angulardisplacement'of-the latter depending on the adjustment chosen of thebits of the key, but when the key is withdrawn the said drivers 6 arebrought back intotheir zero position by the action of the springs 2|.According to Fig. 19 the springs 2I are lodged within the endsroi thetubes I9 or according to the dotted line 2|. in the drivers 6 asspiralsprings. I a The modus operandi of the novel adjustable lockingdevice is as follows:---- 7 i When the locking device is open, viz. inits position-in which the bolt 25 does not project from the casing ofthe lock and the plates 4 and 22 forming the tumbler are close together,the

26 are coupled, in "pairs, theflat springs 28 being pressed back and thepins 30 withdrawn from the recesses 31. By introducing the key the therocking arm 23 (see Fig.-13) By the beforementioned' rotation of theplates 4 and l 22 "the stops 5 of theplate 4 haveleft the stops 2 inthecasing of the lock.- The key now being withdrawn, the plate 4 is movedback by the action ofthe springs 33; the drivers 6 and 26 are -uncoupled'aiid' by the 'actio'n'of thesprings 2| all drivers 6- are broughtback'into their-zero position while the drivers 26'of the plate 22 are. keptin their positionby the fl'at' springs 28 and the pins29'so that thebolt 25 can be retracted onlyby meanso'f a"-keythe adjustment ofthe"bits of which is'exactly identical to that of'the key used forprojecting the bolt'f'as otherwise; whena keyi is' introduced the bits.4| of which are not adjusted in exactly the same way,'-the drivers '6ande26 can not be -Tcaused to register properly with one another so thatthe distancepieces 32 remain operative tolock the plate 4 against-appr'oach towards'the plate 22. It is however iii-j "dispensable thatthe'plate 4 beapproached to wardstheplatje 22' whenlthe bolt 25' o ftllelock istobe displaced. T

'fIn' order that unauthorized persons may be prevented from displacingthe bolt fromits open position (Fig. 13 to the right with anunknownadjustment of the' bits or the key; the bolt may be brought by'a-furtlier turn of: the authorized a keyinto an "additionalbpenfposition',="as for exampleshovvn by dotted lines 56 in Fig: 19;fromwhich position thebolt 25 can be moved into the normal open positiononlyby the introduction of theauthorized key as by moving the bolt intothis additional open position all parts of the lockmechanism assume aposition such as they have when the locking device is locked.

The approach of the plate 4 towards pas 22 and the engagement of'the twoplates 4 and 22 and of the drivers 6and26'respectively carried by themafter the authorized key has been introduced takes-place in the case ofthe embodiments shown in Figs. 1 to '18 and particularly Fig. 12 by apressure exertedbn a key provided-withthe required adjustment of thebits. By the author'- ize'dke'y having been introduced the openings! ofthe drivers 6 have been caused to, register with the pins 32 of theplate.22 so thatwhen' the key ispushed into the locking device the pins 32will penetrate into the holes I, the plate 4 will approach the plate 22{against thea ctionof the spreader spring 33 and thestops li rnounted onthe plate will be-lifted oif the plane of the stops 2. To this end thetwo plates 4v and 22 are'piv- V otally mounted in the embodiment shownin Figs.

1 to 12 and the plate 22 is directly hinged to the bolt 25 by means ofthe projection '23 provided with a slot 23" and a pin 24 so that thedisplacement of the bolt 25 is accomplished after intro duction of theauthorized key and approachiof the plate 4 towards the plate 22 by thekey being turned and so entraining the plate 4 and the plate 22 coupledto the same in the approached position of the plate 4. 4

0n'the side 34 opposite thekeyhole bushing 3 in the-locking device shownin its essential parts in Fig; 12, on thehub" 22' of1theplate22there isfastened by means of a screw 35 a handle 36 having a drop latch' 3'lwhich under the action: of a 1 spring penetrates into a notch 38 oftheflock housing 34. By a pressure exerted on'the pin 39 the drop latchmay be disengaged from the notch 38 of the housing 34 and by asubsequent: turn of -the handle the bolt 25 can be displaced from theinner side of the locking device e. g. mounted ona door so that in thiscase a key can be dispensed with. In order thatthe latch or pawl 31 ofthe handleSBis disengaged when the locking device is unlocked by meansof the authorized key, the plate 4 is provided with the pin'l4 fastenedthereto by means of the screw l3 which pin is displacediafter theintroduction of the authorized' key and the subsequent approach of theplate 4towards the plate 22by a pressure exerted on thekey and sodisengages the pawl 31' against thepressure of a springinot shown) 1from the notch 38 of the lock housing 34. Apartfromthe stops 2 and 5 thepawl 3'4 thus a'ffords a further safetyagainst unauthorized opening ofthelock ing device from the key'sidelas the pawl 'in' itslocking-position secures the plate 22''engaging with the bolt 25 againstbeingturned and this plate cannotbe turned until the authorized key hasbeen intrdduced'the plate 4' movedftowards the plate 22 bythe pressureexerted on the key and the disengagement of thepawl 31 therefromresulting.

In the embodiment of thenovel locking device as shown i'nFigs. 19 to 23the plates-4 'and2 2are secured against being turned, andfortheidisplacement ofth'e bolt and the rocking arm 43 en- V gaging withthe saidbolt by: fork and pin 55 respectively; the key is providedwith'a separate revoluble stem 46with a coupling bit 4L In theembodiment shown thesaid coupling bit 41 ofthe revoluble key stem 46'comprises a web which' 'ena gageswith the slot 49 of the fulcrum'pin 48of the rocking arm-49*when the key is introduced into the keyhole bush3; To-this end the'fulcrumpiii 48 of. the saidirocking arm extendsthrough the plates ,4 and 22 and projects as far as approximatelyacentral openingfifl of the disc 1 l closing the guide tub es'fi. Thestops Zof -tlierOcking arm 43 andthe stops 5 of the displaceable plate 2will {slide up to thesurface off the stops 5 of the plate '4, wherebythe latter is pushed forward on the bolts carrying the springs 33adistance equal to the thickness of thestops 2.

The displacement ofthe bolt 25 takes place in such a way that onintroducing the key provided with the cor-v rectly adjusted 'bitsthedrivers 5 and 26a re brought into the registering position-permittingandsubsequentlybythe stem 46 provided with a knob 5f beingturned,therocking arm 43 of'the 50" '4 are provided with sloped or wedge-shapededges so that on rotating the rocking'arm 43,'-its stops do theapproachofth plate 4 towards the platef22,

bolt 25 is also turned. At the tur'ningof the rocking arm 43 its stops 2slide up upon the stops 5 of the plate 4, the latter being thuscaused todisplace in the above described manner on the bolts carrying the springs33 and to approach to the 'plate 22 as shown in Fig. 21. On furtherturning the rocking-arm its stops 2 slide'down from the stops of theplate 4, so that the latter under the influence of the springs 33 iscaused to return n into its normal position (Fig. 20), whereby thedrivers 6 and 26 of theplates 4 and 22 are uncoupled again and thedistance pieces 32 of the said plates become, operative as soon asthe'key is withdrawn so that the plates l'and'22' and, thus thestopsthereof 2 and are secured in their locking position.

The bushing 3 is further provided with a slot 52'which registers with'apawl 53 provided on the' key when the same is in its correct position.This arrangement is intended for keeping the key in its introducedposition while it is turned in order to displace the bolt, for. ensuringthe key being introduced into the bushing 3 in the correct angularposition and for rendering possible the axial displacement. of the keyin case the displacement of the bolt is to be accomplished by and thatbesides instead of the pawl the front of 1 the key having the effectiveparts 4| for locking mayalso carry a special pin or the like whichpermits the introduction of the key into the bushing 3 only in thecorrect angular position of thekey, e. g. by entering a corresponding,hole in thebushing or in the closing disc II.

It is obvious that the invention is not restricted t0 the severalembodiments described and illustrated but the novel adjustable lockingdevice maybe practically designed in a variety of ways in its detailswithout departing from the spirit of the invention, as defined in theannexed claims.

WhatI claim anddesire'to secure by Letters Patent, is: V

. 1. A locking device to be locked by anadjustable key and to be openedwith the same adjustment of the bits of the said key, comprising a bolt,a rocking arm for moving saidbolt, two

I plates, one of said plates being'movable toward or away. from theother, means for locking the said'bolt and rocking arm respectively whensaid plates are in separated position and for releasing the said boltand rocking armin the approached position of the said plates.

2. A locking device to be locked by an adjust- I able key and .to beopened with the, same. adjustment of the bits .of the said key,comprising a bolt, a rocking arm to move said bolt, a fixed plate aplate movable toward or from said fixed plate the planes of saidplatesfremaining substantially parallelto each other, stops provided onthe said movable plate to lock the said bolt and rocking arm frommovement in the distant position of the said plates and to release thesaid bolt and rocking arm in the approached position of thesaijdplates,and resilient means tendin to restore the distance position ofthe saidplates. s a

3. A locking device to be locked by an adiustable key and to be openedwith the same adjustment of the bits of the said key, comprising otherin the distant position of theslidableand" swinging plates to 'lockthesaid bolt and rocking arm from movement, means disposed betweensaidislidable and swinging platesto prevent the sliding movement of thesliding plate toward 7 said swinging plate and operable to permit suchsliding movement,gand resilient means for normally pressing said slidingplate away from said swinging plate.

' 4. A locking device of the characterset iorth in claim 1, comprisingdrivers'mounted on said plates opposite one another, distance piecesprovided on the drivers of one plate and adapted to be received in therespective drivers on the other plate to permit the displacement ofthemovable plate, said distance pieces serving'to couple said driverstogether in pairs when said movable plate has been moved toward theother plate. a

5.' A locking device 0 f:the character set forth in. claim 1, andwherein one of. the plates is fixed, comprising a set of drivers mountedon said fixed plate, means to secure said set of drivers againstinvoluntary movement in the removed position of said movable plate; asecond set of drivers mounted on said movable plate and adapted to beoperated by the bits of the authorized key, springs to return saidmovable plate into the zero position and distance pieces mounted on thedrivers of said fixed plate to secure said movable plate in theboltlocking position. 7 j 4 I 6. A lockin device of the character setforth in claim 1 and wherein one of the plates is fixed,

comprising drivers shaped as discs pivotallymounted on said platesanddistance pieces in 7, A lockingdevice of the character setforthin'clairnl and wherein oneof the plates is fixed, comprisingdrivers mounted on said plates and members operatively'connected to thedrivers of the movable plate and transmitting to said drivers theadvance of the various bitsof the key used for operating the boltmechanism.

8. A'locking device of the characterset forth in claim 1; comprising ahandle fastened on the rear side of the lock to thehub of said fixedplate,

means for coupling said handle. with the boltand the rocking armrespectively, a releasable pawl securing said handle inits normalposition and means to disengage said pawl for displacing the bolt by aturn of the handle;

FERDINAND, JOSEF LE BowIcz.

